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APAS/Gait Supported Analysis Methods (Marker Sets)

To process an APAS .3d file with APAS/Gait, please make sure that all necessary markers/points are present. The following table gives an overview of the markers/points needed for each method (marker set).

Check here for some references. Here for a background on the calculations.

Marker Set These markers/points must be present

Helen Hayes Hospital

SACR, RASIS, LASIS, RTHI_W, LTHI_W, RLCON, LLCON, RTIB_W, LTIB_W, RLMAL, LLMAL, RMT, LMT, RGTRO, LGTRO, RHEEL, LHEEL

Helen Hayes Modified

SACR, RASIS, LASIS, RTHI_W, LTHI_W, RLCON, LLCON, RTIB_W, LTIB_W, RLMAL, LLMAL, RMT, LMT, RHEEL, LHEEL

Keith Vaughan Original

SACR, RASIS, LASIS, RGTRO, LGTRO, RLCON, LLCON, RTTUB, LTTUB, RLMAL, LLMAL, RMT, LMT, RHEEL, LHEEL

Keith Vaughan Modified

SACR, RASIS, LASIS, RTHI_W, LTHI_W, RLCON, LLCON, RTIB_W, LTIB_W, RLMAL, LLMAL, RMT, LMT, RHEEL, LHEEL

Two Camera Joint Center Estimation RMT, R.ANKLE, R.KNEE, R.HIP, LMT, L.ANKLE, L.KNEE, L.HIP
Two Camera Hybrid RMT, R.ANKLE, RTTUB, R.KNEE, R.HIP, RASIS, LMT, L.ANKLE, LTTUB, L.KNEE, L.HIP, LASIS

Summary of marker locations

Name

Full Name

Detailed Instructions

SACR

Sacrum

Keep the center of marker to be on the reversed direction of �i� vector of pelvis LCS

R, LASIS

Ant. Sup. Iliac spine

Keep the center of marker to be on the direction of �i� vector of pelvis LCS

R, LGTRO

Greater Trochanter

On the greater trochanter of femur

R, LTHI_W

Thigh wand

A stick marker on the lower lateral thigh.

Should be on the plane that is formed by hip join, knee joint and lateral epicondyle marker.

R, LTHI_L

Thigh lateral

On the lateral thigh.

The plane formed by RTHI_A, hip joint center and knee joint center will be sagittal plane of thigh.

R, LTHI_A

Thigh anterior

On the anterior thigh.

Should be on the plane that is formed by hip join, knee joint and lateral epicondyle marker.

R, LLCON

Lateral Epicondyle

On the center of lateral epicondyle of femur.

You can find it more easily if the subject�s knee flexed a little.

R, LMCON

Medial Epicondyle

Only for static trial.

On the center of medial epicondyle of femur.

You can find it more easily if the subject�s knee flexed a little.

R, LTIB_W

Tibial wand

A stick marker on the upper lateral surface of lower leg.

Around upper 1/3 point of fibular head to lateral malleolus, where is no tibial torsion component.

R, LTTUB

Tibial tuberosity

On the tibial tuberosity

R, LFH

Fibular Head

On the fibular head.

But 2 or 3cm inferior to fibular head would be better to avoid merging with lateral condyle marker

R, LLMAL

Lateral Malleolus

Center of lateral malleolus

R, LMMAL

Medial Malleolus

Center of medial malleolus

R, LMT

Head of 2nd Metatarsal

On the second MT head

R, LHEEL

Heel

On heel.

The line between RHEEL and RMT should be parallel to the ground. To achieve this condition one should measure the thickness (height) of 2nd MT head (=RMTHth). RHEEL should be above from the ground with the amount of m_offset1+RMTHth.

R, LANKLE Ankle (estimated) Estimated position of ankle joint
R, LKNEE Knee (estimated) Estimated position of knee joint
R, LHIP Hip (estimated) Estimated position of hip joint

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