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2.1 Information from Gait Analysis
Information from gait
analysis
Indication of gait
analysis
Hardware requirement for
gait analysis or Level of gait analysis that can be achieved by specific
hardware status. (The level means information that can be produced.)
Information from gait
analysis
Gait Cycle
Table 3.2.1 Gait Cycle: periods and functions (from Human walking, 2nd Ed)
Information from gait
analysis
Time and distance parameters
 |
Gait velocity |
|
Stride/step/stance/double support duration |
|
Percent duration of each phase |
|
Cadence |
|
Stride length, step length, step width |
|
(add more items and detailed description) |
Kinematic information
|
Joint angles based on real time/gait event |
|
Pelvis and feet orientation based on real time/gait event |
|
Pathway of center of gravity (CoG) based on real time/gait event |
|
Angle-angle diagrams: e.g. hip-knee diagrams |
|
Position and orientation data to be used to inverse dynamic calculation |
Kinetic (dynamic) information
|
Joint torque (= moment): usually internal torque (= moment) |
|
Joint power: implementing concentric/eccentric contraction level |
|
Raw ground reaction force as vector in 3D space |
|
Raw ground reaction moment as vector in 3D space |
|
Position and movement of center of pressure
(CoP) |
|
Energetics of gait |
Other clinical useful information - we may make a
secret of these until we get it.
|
Length of Individual muscle (to be verified) |
|
Toe clearance index or functional (dynamic) leg length
(to
be developed) |
|
Jump knee index (to be developed) |
|
... ... ... ... |
Indication of gait
analysis
Any
conditions which will influence the bipedal walking and/or result in
pathologic/abnormal gait
|
Amputee (1-2) |
|
Cerebral Palsy (25%) |
|
Club foot (1-2%) |
|
Diabetes (15%) |
|
Head injury (10%) |
|
Misc. Orthopedic conditions (5%) |
|
Post-polio (3-4) |
|
Stroke (40%) |
<Ref: cga-L: Dx Previously Seen in Frazier Rehab Center (FRC) Lab, G.
Rash>
Hardware requirement for
gait analysis or Level of gait analysis that can be achieved by specific
hardware status. (The level means information that can be produced.)
|
Camera
|
Forceplate
|
Level
of gait analysis
|
|
Kinematics
|
Kinetics
|
Joint center estimation
|
Remarks
|
|
1
|
0,1
or 2
|
Unilateral 2D (sagittal)
|
none, uni 2D
|
2D marker position
|
|
|
Bilateral 2D (sagittal)
|
none, uni, or bi 2D
|
Visual estimation
|
|
|
2
|
0,1
or 2
|
Bilateral 2D
|
none, uni, or bi 2D
|
2D marker position
|
|
|
Unilateral 3D
|
none, uni 3D
|
3D marker position
|
|
|
Bilateral 3D
|
none, uni, or bi 3D
|
Visual estimation
|
|
|
Bilateral 3D
|
none, uni, or bi 3D
|
Hybrid
|
LCS (+)
|
|
3
|
0,1
or 2
|
Same levels of 2 camera systems |
|
4
|
0,1
or 2
|
Bilateral 3D
|
none, uni- or bilateral
|
HHo, HHm by Sun
|
hands on belly
|
|
5
|
0,1
or 2
|
Bilateral 3D
|
none, uni- or bilateral
|
HHo,HHm,KVo, KVm,Sun
|
hands on belly
|
|
6
|
0,1
or 2
|
Bilateral 3D
|
none, uni- or bilateral
|
HHo,HHm,KVo, KVm,Sun
|
no limitation
|
*
Inverse dynamic calculation will not be so accurate because the joint center is
not real but only the position of external marker.
**
Bilateral kinetics can be done if one has one more force plates.
*** Dynamic EMG and Oxygen
consumption meter were not included because they can be incorporated in any
levels of hardware setting.
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